Human trafficking always involves coercion and exploitation. In others, victims are lied to, assaulted, threatened or manipulated into working under inhumane, illegal or otherwise unacceptable conditions. Global estimates of modern slavery pdf unodc global report on trafficking in persons pdf. Consider which aspects of trafficking are most relevant to address in your location e. It differs from smuggling, which illegally moves people across borders at their request.
Iata is also working with airports and other stakeholders within the air transport sector to raise awareness on human trafficking and share our guidance material, including recognize and report practice. Human trafficking national human trafficking resource center 1. The work was led by the antihuman trafficking and migrant smuggling unit ahtmsu of unodc, supervised by ms riikka puttonen and facilitated by mr dave newton. Gift, a study on the state of the worlds response to the crime of human trafficking. Victims of trafficking in humans can be found in a variety of situations. Total number of detected victims reported to unodc.
The database is the only global public record of information on human trafficking crimes an. In addition to its enormous human cost, human trafficking is estimated to be one of the most profitable generating crime in the world, proceeds with the international labour organisation estimating that forced labour generates usd 150. For further information regarding unodc s work to combat. The report has revealed that 27 per cent of all victims of human trafficking officially. Trafficking for sexual exploitation state of affairs sexual exploitation could be referred to as the abuse or unfair treatment of people especially females because of their sex. Its a multibillion dollar criminal industry that denies freedom to 25 million people around the world. As the tech sector evolved, it gave traffickers new and easier ways to recruit victims, with an accent on social medias role. Isse 21 1 issue brief 7 introduction the development of technology has had an important influence on the crime of trafficking in persons, presenting both challenges and opportunities. Core team kristiina kangaspunta, fabrizio sarrica, tejal jesrani, raggie.
Organ trafficking is possibly one of the most covert forms of human trafficking. The work on the unodc model law against trafficking in persons has been carried out by the organized. Victims of human trafficking are subjected to force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of commercial sex, debt bondage, or forced labor. Human trafficking, is defined by the united nations office on drugs and crime unodc in their protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons document as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of. Human trafficking unodc united nations office on drugs and crime. The 2016 global report on trafficking in persons was prepared by the unodc crime research section under the supervision of jeanluc lemahieu, director of the division for policy analysis and public affairs and angela me, chief of the research and trend analysis branch. The role of recruitment fees and abusive and fraudulent recruitment practices of recruitment agencies in trafficking in persons. A form of modernday slavery, human trafficking is defined by the u. A report by the international labour organization estimates that 24. Global report on trafficking in persons united nations office on. If other ht factors are present, sexual assault can be a type of forced labor. Human trafficking is an increasingly recognized global health crisis affecting individuals in every country and in every region of the world.
More than 85 percent of victims were trafficked from within the region, according to the global report on trafficking in persons 2016, published by the united nations office on drugs and crimes unodc. According to the united nations office of drugs and crime, human trafficking is the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or. The report is one chapter of a lengthy unodc publication entitled the globalization of crime a transnational organized crime threat assessment toc report. Iata guidance on human trafficking first edition, june 2018 4 aviation is the business of freedom. Htfl human trafficking for the purpose of forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, and servitude htro human trafficking for the purpose of removal of organs htse human trafficking for the purpose the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation.
Almost every country in the world is affected by human trafficking, either as a country of origin, a transit country, or a destination country. It is a situation where a person is considered for herhis sexual attraction, without taking into consideration herhis human dignity. Gift secretariat at unodc, the antihuman trafficking and migrant smuggling unit of unodc. International framework for action to implement the trafficking in. Coordinate with your local human trafficking task force, if available, and with trafficking victims service providers and local law enforcement to conduct this analysis. Human trafficking as a symptom of poverty an overview on almost every continent, children of poor, marginalized communities that have experienced violent political conflict or natural disaster in recent past decades much like those in haiti, colombia, indonesia, and uganda are at high risk of being sold or kidnapped into sex slavery. Unodc india 2008 manual for training police on antihuman trafficking. Protocol to prevent, suppress and punish the trafficking in persons, especially women and children, supplementing the united nations convention against transnational organized crime. A global shortage of organs has driven the industry, relying on poor populations to be donors and wealthy foreigners to be recipients. It is a public health and a human rights issue that affects women and children disproportionately.
In the area of combatting human trafficking, technology is both a help and a hindrance. Every year airlines safely fly more than four billion passengers over some 20,000 city pairs. Enhancing operational capacity to investigate and disrupt human trafficking activities in the western balkans. Human trafficking indicators united nations office on drugs and. The report has revealed that 27 per cent of all victims of human. Slavery, forced labor, debt bondage, and human trafficking. The united nations office on drugs and crime unodc defines human trafficking as. A brief overview introduction millions of men, women and children are victims of human trafficking for sexual, forced labor and other forms of exploitation worldwide. Human trafficking is the business of stealing freedom for profit.
Human trafficking human trafficking has received increasing global attention over the past decade. Needs assessment toolkit on the criminal justice response. Indicators of trafficking in persons united nations office on drugs. Unodc india 2007 protocol on inter state rescue and post rescue activitiesrelating to. The common push factor that has been identified as the main driving force behind human trafficking is the abject poverty. In this chapter, the prevalence of organ trafficking will be explored, especially in relation to transplant tourism. Organ trafficking, a lucrative global illicit trade, is often a lesser discussed form of human trafficking among antihuman trafficking stakeholders due to its intricate and often stealth nature. Unodc, ms klara skrivankova antislavery international, ms alexandra souza.
July 7, 2010 the united nations office on drugs and crime unodc released a document on june 29, 2010, on the problem of human trafficking in europe, entitled trafficking of persons to europe for sexual exploitation. Introduction brazil is one the most influential countries of south america, being a model of economic growth and development in the region. Although many victims of human trafficking are coerced into traveling across borders, movement is not a requirement to be. The human and economic costs of this take an immense toll on individuals and communities. Model law against trafficking in persons united nations office on.
Trafficking sex andor labor are the more commonly thought of forms of human trafficking among public policy leaders and general awareness campaigns. The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of. For further information regarding unodcs work to combat. The unodc voluntary trust fund for victims of human trafficking provides grassroots humanitarian, legal, and financial aid to victims of trafficking through governmental, intergovernmental, and civil society organizations the key aim is to give people from all walks of life including governments, the private sector, international organizations, ngos, and individuals the opportunity to. We are formulating the hub under these three concepts, as an online platform where everyone can participate to disseminate and create knowledge on human. Human trafficking is a vicious crime against a persons human rights and has been denoted as a form of modernday slavery. For example, tech against trafficking, a coalition of technology companies working to combat human trafficking and supported by different stakeholders including international organizations such the organization for security and cooperation. The problem of human trafficking what is human trafficking. Regardless of the source, it is important to note that these figures represent a conservative estimate of the prevalence of human trafficking in the u. Lexisnexis also is engaged in the effort to combat human trafficking and has been instrumental in promoting and introducing an array of technologydriven tools to assist in detecting, monitoring, and researching human trafficking, including a national database of social service providers. The overwhelming majority of those victims are women and children.
The global report on trafficking in persons 2012 released by the united nations office on drugs and crime unodc provides an overview of patterns and flows of trafficking in persons at global, regional and national levels, based on trafficking cases detected between 2007 and 2010 or more recent cases. This chapter also summarizes what is involved in taking a human rightsbased approach to. Dancers at love and music bar, angeles city by blemished paradise is licensed under cc bysa 2. Igos focused on human trafficking include the united nations office on drugs and crime unodc, which started the global programme against trafficking in human beings in 1999, the international labour organization ilo, the international criminal police organization, and the international organization for migration. Unodc india 2008 manual for training police on anti human trafficking. Initially, trafficking of women and girls for forced sex work and, to a lesser extent, domestic servitude, were the sole focus of advocacy and assistance. Unodc 2006 measures to combat trafficking in human beings in benin, nigeria and togo. A 2005 situational assessment of human trafficking in the sadc region. Human trafficking can occur within a country or transnationally. Iata position paper on human trafficking pdf human trafficking. United nations interagency project on human trafficking. The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability.
Prostitution human trafficking requires that the person has been. Convention against transnational organized crime, please go to. This may encompass providing a spouse in the context of forced marriage, or the extraction of organs or tissues, including for surrogacy and ova removal. Unodc, global report on trafficking in persons 2012. Human trafficking is the sale and exploitation of human beings. Alarming trends in human trafficking in east asia and the pacific have raised the urgency of dealing with the menace. For additional information about trafficking in persons and the united nations office on drugs and crime, including our publications, please visit our website. Antihuman trafficking manual for criminal justice practitioners.
However, it is still target of critiques made by a. National trafficking resource center, human trafficking victims have been identified in cities, suburbs, and rural areas in all 50 states, and in washington, dc. Human trafficking across borders and the need for a global response ying chieh lee cuny city college. Created as a result of the 2009 council of europe convention on action against trafficking in human being, run by the uks human trafficking centre as part of the national crime agency, provides a record of every suspected potential victim of human trafficking pvot reported to the uk authorities. The root causes of trafficking are various and often differ from one country to another. Human trafficking is the fastest growing and second largest criminal industry in the world. Unodc india 2008 training manual for prosecutors on confronting human trafficking. Hub united nations global initiative to fight human trafficking is working with all stakeholders governments, business, academia, civil society and the media to disseminate. Jun 26, 2018 organ trafficking, a lucrative global illicit trade, is often a lesser discussed form of human trafficking among anti human trafficking stakeholders due to its intricate and often stealth nature.
Today, there is recognition that women, children and men are trafficked into many different. Technology abetting traffickers and eradicating trafficking. Figure 1 provides a visual breakdown of the number of human trafficking cases reported in each state in 2017. Human trafficking and the internet and other technologies. Department of state as the act of recruiting, harboring, transporting, providing, or obtaining a person for compelled labor or commercial sex acts through the use of force, fraud, or coercion. The 2006 armed conflict in lebanon, which saw 300,000 domestic workers from sri lanka, ethiopia and the philippines jobless and targets of traffickers, led to an emergency information campaign with ngo caritas migrant to raise human trafficking awareness. Trafficking is a complex phenomenon that is often driven or influenced by social, economic, cultural and other factors. Recent reports suggest that onethird of all human trafficking victims are. Reasons behind expansion of human trafficking in india. Sexual assault human trafficking based on commercial sex requires that the person has been forced to provide sexual services for profit.
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